Liquid carbon characterised in the lab for the first time

The High Energy Density instrument at European XFEL where DiPOLE 100-X laser was installed

Source: © Jan Hosan/European XFEL

When targeted by a high-energy laser that generates pressures over one million atmospheres, carbon samples melt at around 6700K

Using an ultra-powerful laser, researchers have successfully characterised liquid carbon in the lab for the first time. The experiments offer rare insight into one of the most abundant elements in the universe, which, despite its ubiquity, remains the least understood in its liquid form among stable elements.