Why are there 20 amino acids?

amino acids soup

Source: © Aleksandr Kuzmin/Blend Images/WiganPier/iStock/Getty Images Plus

Rachel Brazil tries to untangle the alphabet soup of life

The 20 amino acids used by nature have not arrived at random – they have a wide range of properties (hydrophobic vs charged or polar, for example) and sizes. But why stop there? Scientists are starting to make ‘unnatural’ amino acids, looking to improve on nature.