Snowflake symmetry mirrors ice crystals’ molecular structure

A close up image of snowflakes

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Water molecules arranged in hexagonal shape grow into six-sided snowflakes due to kinetic control

Measurements of perfect ice crystals have revealed that kinetic parameters controlling the growth of snowflakes from water vapour result in their iconic shape. Now, Mary Jane Shultz from Tufts University, US, and her team have shown that the arrangement of water molecules in ice Ih – the type that forms snowflakes – is directly responsible for the formation of macroscopic six-sided crystals.